ACTRAPID 100IU VIAL

ACTRAPID 100IU VIAL

Actrapid 100IU/ml vial is a short-acting insulin helps in treating type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. With a healthy diet and regular exercise, it can control blood sugar levels after meals. This helps to prevent serious complications of diabetes like kidney damage and blindness.

You must take short acting insulins before meals.

Short acting insulins are also regular or neutral insulin. Your healthcare team can advise on how long before a meal you should take your dose.

 

Active ingredient

Soluble insulin, Regular insulin (short acting)

 

Benefits of Actrapid

It regulates blood glucose which will help in diabetes mellitus type 1.

Actrapid 100IU/ml Penfill is a short-acting type of insulin that usually regulates along with other diabetes medication for controlling blood sugar levels.

It replaces the insulin that is normally produced in the body. This helps the glucose get into your muscle and fat cells so your body can use it for energy. It also decreases glucose production in the liver.

Lowering of blood sugar level helps reduce the risk of getting any of the serious complications of diabetes such as kidney damage, eye damage, nerve problems, and loss of limbs.

Actrapid 100IU/ml Penfill is normally prescribed along with a long-acting type of insulin or other diabetes medicines.

It is only a part of the treatment program that should also include a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight reduction as advised by your doctor.

Check your blood sugar levels regularly, keep track of your results and share them with your doctor. This is very important to work out the correct dose of the medicine for you.

The most common side effect of this medicine is low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia).

Do not use this medicine when you have low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia).

Tell your doctor if you have ever had kidney, liver, or heart problems before starting treatment. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also consult their doctor as the dose may need to be changed.

 

Side effects of Actrapid

• Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose level)
• Injection site allergic reaction
• Hypersensitivity reactions
• Severe, life-threatening, generalized allergy, including anaphylaxis
• Hypoglycemia
• Hypokalemia
• Peripheral edema
• Weight gain
• Immunogenicity

 

 

How Actrapid works in Body ?

ACTRAPID 100IU VIAL is a short-acting insulin, which starts working within 30 minutes after injection. It works similar to the insulin produced by the body. Insulin facilitates reuptake of sugar in muscle and fat cells and also suppresses the production of sugar in the liver.

 

Precautions while taking Actrapid

• Take it 20 to 30 minutes before a meal.
• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar level) is a common side-effect. Learn how to identify and manage its symptoms (sweating, rapid heartbeat, weakness, blurry vision, and headache) and teach your family as well.
• Injection below the skin of the abdomen results in faster absorption than other injection sites.
• Injection sites must be variable to prevent hard lumps from developing at one site.
• Vials and cartridges after opening are good at room temperature for up to 4 weeks, while new vials must be in the refrigerator (2°C–8°C).
• Short acting insulins will usually be taken before meals. Short acting insulins may also be called regular or neutral insulin. Your healthcare team can advise on how long before a meal you should take your dose.
• It may be seen if you do not eat right after a dose of this fast-acting insulin. To prevent this, it is important to always inject only the correct dose of medicine, have regular meals, and monitor your blood sugar levels regularly.
• Drinking excessive alcohol can also lead to a fall in your blood sugar levels. Other side effects include reactions at the injection site like redness or swelling. Some people gain weight while taking insulin.

 

 

What type of insulin is short acting insulin?

Short acting insulins are generally either animal or human insulins and will generally be injected via syringe or insulin pen. Someone taking short acting insulin should aware of the risk of hypoglycemia.

Method of administration

Indicated to improve glycemic control in with diabetes mellitus

SC injection

• Initial: 0.2-0.4 units/kg/day SC divided q8hr or more frequently
• Maintenance: 0.5-1 unit/kg/day SC divided q8hr or more frequently; in insulin-resistant patients (eg, due to obesity), they may take higher dose of insulin.
• Approximately 50-75% of the total daily insulin requirements are given as intermediate- or long-acting insulin administered in 1-2 injections; rapid- or short-acting insulin should be used before or at mealtimes to satisfy the remainder balance of the total daily insulin requirements
• Premixed combinations are available that deliver rapid- or short-acting components at the same time as the intermediate- or long-acting component

 

Special Population

Pregnancy

there are no data that human insulin use during pregnancy may lead to major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes

There are risks to mother and fetus.

Clinical considerations

• Poorly controlled diabetes in pregnancy increases maternal risk for diabetic ketoacidosis, preeclampsia, spontaneous abortions, preterm delivery, stillbirth, and delivery complications; poorly controlled diabetes increases fetal risk for major birth defects, stillbirth, and macrosomia-related morbidity

Lactation

Available data suggests that exogenous human insulin products, releases into human milk; there are no adverse reactions in breastfed infants; there are no data on effects of exogenous human insulin products, on milk production

Consider developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding along with the mother’s clinical need for therapy, and any potential adverse effects on breastfed infant from drug, or from underlying maternal condition

Mechanism of Action

Regulates glucose metabolism

Insulin and its analogues lower blood glucose by stimulating peripheral glucose uptake, especially by skeletal muscle and fat, and by inhibiting hepatic glucose production; insulin inhibits lipolysis and proteolysis and enhances protein synthesis; targets include skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue

Pharmacodynamics

Absorption

Bioavailability: 55-77% (SC)

Onset: 0.5 hr (early effect); 2.5-5 hr (peak effect)

Duration: 4-12 hr (U-100); up to 24 hr (U-500)

Peak plasma time: 0.8-2 hr (SC)

Distribution

Vd: 0.26-0.36 L/kg

Metabolism

Metabolized by liver (>50%), kidney (30%), and adipose tissue/muscle (20%)

Elimination

Excretion: Urine

 

References